Pangolin (Manis javanica) often smuggled out of the country such as China. Apparently, pangolin potential medicinal raw materials which contain omega-3 EPA and DHA in reducing the risk of cancer, reduce inflammation, hypertension, arthritis, and maintaining brain function.
The researchers Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) pour their research in the book "Green Bioresources for Development" in 2013.
One was about the benefits of pangolin. Animal scales containing tramadol HCl, the active ingredient which is an analgesic (pain tackle). Tramadol HCL is also available on psychotropic methamphetamine.
So far, most people believe, pangolin scales can cure fevers, skin diseases, and venereal disease. Eating meat is also believed to be efficacious aphrodisiac (increased libido).
"The domestic industry has not been able to seize the opportunity to make a wealth of biological raw material medicine," said lead researcher biologist LIPI, Endang Sukara.
Another example is a fungus that grows around the cow shed known as magic mushrooms. According to researchers LIPI, this fungus has the potential to be a raw material antidepressants. The active substances contained in mushrooms antidepressants are psilocybin and psilocin. Chemical compound that is also used to reduce the anxiety of cancer patients, in addition to reducing pain.
Material antibiotics
Indonesia imports of raw materials predominantly medicinal raw materials antibiotics. In fact, antibiotic raw materials abundant in Indonesia. Nature is rich in microorganisms aktinomisetes we are used to two-thirds of the world production of antibiotics. Currently LIPI has 3500 aktinomisetes pure isolates.
LIPI also collected 200 isolates of endophytic fungi. Among Diaporthe sp associated with plant gambier (Uncaria gambier). Mushrooms that contain epitoskirin A which has antibiotic properties.
Amphibians such as frogs also contain bioactive. African claw frog skin secretions containing antibiotic peptides as ingredients.
Extraction of frog skin also contains alkaloids that can be used instead of morphine for pain relief. In addition, the extraction of frog skin also contain substances that can activate the pancreas gland that can be used as antidiabetic drugs to stimulate insulin.
Benefits of amphibians such as salamanders also examined. Animals are able to very quickly regenerate cells that contain active substances potential for rapid wound healing.
Some types of spiders (Arachnida) were also studied. Apparently, spiders have the potential as a raw material drug used to treat bleeding. Empirically, people have been using the bag of eggs and cobwebs to stop bleeding.
Need expert identification
LIPI Deputy Field of Biological Sciences Nuramalijati Prijono Siti said, is still necessary expertise to identify potential biological wealth that contains the active substance for medicinal raw materials. The pharmaceutical industry also needs to be stimulated to research and development.
As the diversity of flowering plants, Indonesia also has bee species richness. Traditionally, it can (venom) bees are used among others for the treatment of rheumatism, arthritis, back pain, and sore skin.
Fluid may bee turned out to contain apamin, melitin, phospholipase and hyaluronidase were able to suppress the nervous system, stimulates the liver and adrenal glands.
Venom also contains the enzyme phospholipase A and rich in sulfur amino acids methionine and cysteine. Sulfur is a key element in the release of cortisol from the adrenal glands to protect the body from infection.
Bioactives from various types of bees have to be further identified. This is because many types of bees in Indonesia.
Various types of worms also have medicinal benefits as raw material. Earthworms Helodrilus caliginosus, Helodrilus foetidus, Lumbricus terrestris, and Lumbricus rubellus high levels of protein, 64-76 per cent. Extract the types of worms can be used to treat typhoid fever.
Snake in Indonesia there are at least 347 species. Traditionally people use extracts Weling snake (Bungarus Candidus) to lower blood pressure. The results showed, snake bone causes calcium Weling acidic.
After eating snake meat, blood alkaline weak. Blood is "dirty" would be clean so that blood flows smoothly.
There are many benefits of biological richness that can be found through research. The challenge is whether the results of the study can be fully utilized by the industry. It goes back to the government's commitment, what policy is to encourage research and production of pharmaceutical raw materials our biological wealth is based.
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